update: 2016/04/25
reference:
1. jvcleave/ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber
2. 在 Raspberry Pi 中擷取螢幕畫面（Snapshot）的工具 - G. T. Wang
A. 說明
在此處會利用 Mac 的 Xcode 當成程式的編輯工具, 而編譯與執行皆需在 Pi 上進行.
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B. 啟用 Pi 的相機模組功能
1. $ sudo raspi-config
2. 選擇 5. Enable Camera
C. 安裝附加在 openFrameworks 上的相機模組程式
分別在 Mac 與 Pi 上的 openFrameworks 的 addons 目錄下安裝:
// Pi
$ cd /home/pi/of_v0.8.4_linuxarmv7l_release/addons
$ git clone https://github.com/jvcleave/ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber
// Mac
$ cd /Lanli/RD/project/openFrameworks/of_v0.8.4_osx_release/addons
$ git clone https://github.com/jvcleave/ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber
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D. 在 Xcode 上新增 openFrameworks 的 app 專案
1. 於所安裝 openFrameworks 版本下的 projectGenerator_osx 目錄內,
點二下: projectGenerator.app
Name: RPiCamera
Addons: ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber
> 按下: "GENERATE PROJECT"
RPiCamera 專案資料夾, 其資料夾下的 addons.make 檔案內容即是附加的
程式名稱.
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E. 用 Xcode 開啟 RPiCamera 專案目錄下的 RPiCamera.xcodeproj
1. 參考剛剛下載 addons 的 ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber 目錄下的 example 程式碼
2. 修改 main.cpp, ofApp.h 與 ofApp.cpp 程式碼如下:
// main.cpp
#include "ofMain.h"
#include "ofApp.h"
#include "ofGLProgrammableRenderer.h"
int main()
{
ofSetLogLevel(OF_LOG_VERBOSE);
ofSetCurrentRenderer(ofGLProgrammableRenderer::TYPE);
//ofSetupOpenGL(1280, 720, OF_WINDOW);
//@update 2015/10/01
ofSetupOpenGL(1280, 800, OF_FULLSCREEN);
ofRunApp( new ofApp());
}
*************************************************************************
// ofApp.h
#pragma once
#include "ofMain.h"
#include "ofAppEGLWindow.h"
#include "TerminalListener.h"
#include "ImageFilterCollection.h"
#include "ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber.h"
class ofApp : public ofBaseApp, public KeyListener{
public:
void setup();
void update();
void draw();
void keyPressed(int key);
void onCharacterReceived(KeyListenerEventData& e);
TerminalListener consoleListener;
ofxRPiCameraVideoGrabber videoGrabber;
ImageFilterCollection filterCollection;
bool doDrawInfo;
};
*************************************************************************
// ofApp.cpp
#include "ofApp.h"
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void ofApp::setup()
{
ofSetLogLevel(OF_LOG_VERBOSE);
ofSetLogLevel("ofThread", OF_LOG_ERROR);
//ofSetVerticalSync(false);
doDrawInfo = true;
consoleListener.setup(this);
OMXCameraSettings omxCameraSettings;
//omxCameraSettings.width = 1280;
//omxCameraSettings.height = 720;
omxCameraSettings.width = 1280;
omxCameraSettings.height = 800;
omxCameraSettings.isUsingTexture = false;
omxCameraSettings.doRecording = false; //default: false
if (omxCameraSettings.doRecording)
{
omxCameraSettings.doRecordingPreview = true;
omxCameraSettings.recordingFilePath = ""; //will self generate if left blank
omxCameraSettings.doConvertToMKV = false; //converts file to .mkv using mkvmerge(if present)
}
videoGrabber.setup(omxCameraSettings);
filterCollection.setup();
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void ofApp::update()
{
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void ofApp::draw(){
//Nothing really to do here as the output is rendered directly to full screen
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------
void ofApp::keyPressed (int key)
{
ofLog(OF_LOG_VERBOSE, "%c keyPressed", key);
if (key == 'e')
{
videoGrabber.applyImageFilter(filterCollection.getNextFilter());
}
if (key == 'g')
{
doDrawInfo = !doDrawInfo;
}
if (key == 'q')
{
ofLogVerbose(__func__) << "SENDING QUIT";
videoGrabber.stopRecording();
}
if (key == 't')
{
videoGrabber.toggleLED();
}
}
void ofApp::onCharacterReceived(KeyListenerEventData& e)
{
keyPressed((int)e.character);
}
備註: 在 Xcode 上, 只需用到: Product > Clean , 將在 Mac 上不支援 Pi 的語法清除.
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F. 編譯與執行
1. 將 Xcode 建立的整個 RPiCamera 專案資料夾, 拷貝並上傳到 Pi 相對的位置下:
/home/pi/of_v0.8.4_linuxarmv7l_release/apps/myApps/
2. 在 Pi 上建立 app 捷徑(symbolic link)
$ cd
$ ln -s /home/pi/of_v0.8.4_linuxarmv7l_release/apps/myApps/RPiCamera ./RPiCamera
3. 編譯
$ cd
$ cd RPiCamera
$ make
4. 在 Pi 上執行
$ cd ~/RPiCamera
$ make run
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G. 結果
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H. 加入拍照功能:
1. 安裝 raspi2png
a. 先安裝 png 函式庫
$ sudo apt-get install libpng12-dev
b. 下載 raspi2png
$ cd ~
$ git clone https://github.com/AndrewFromMelbourne/raspi2png.git
c. 編譯 raspi2png
$ cd ~/raspi2png
$ make
2. 擷取畫面測試
$ cd ~/raspi2png
$ ./raspi2png (預設檔名: snapshot.png)
備註: ./raspi2png --help
3. 於程式加上 print screen 功能:
開啟 ofApp.cpp 檔案, 修改如下:
....
void ofApp::keyPressed (int key)
{
....
if (key == 't')
{
videoGrabber.toggleLED();
}
//@add 2015/10/21: print screen ######################################
if (key == 'p')
{
string mySweetCommand = "/home/pi/raspi2png/raspi2png --pngname ";
// yyyymmddhhmmss
mySweetCommand += ofToString(ofGetYear()) + ofToString(ofGetMonth())+ ofToString(ofGetDay())+ ofToString(ofGetHours())+ ofToString(ofGetMinutes()) + ofToString(ofGetSeconds());
mySweetCommand += ".png";
system(mySweetCommand.c_str());
}
}
....
4. 於 Pi 上編譯, 並執行. 按下 "p" 即會在 ~/RPiCamera/bin 下產生擷取的影像畫面
I. 備註:
reference:
a. Capturing HD Video With The Pi Camera Module 24
b. Streaming Video Using VLC Player
c. Raspberry Pi Camera 簡介
1. 單純拍攝短片或照片
a. raspicam commands
1. 錄製 10 秒鐘影片:
$ raspivid --codec MJPEG -o video.mpg -t 10000
在 pi 上播放:
$ omxplayer ./video.mpg
b. Python picamera
1. install python-picamera
$ sudo apt-get install python-picamera
$ sudo apt-get install python3-picamera
$ sudo apt-get install python-picamera-docs
2. camera_test.py
#!/usr/bin/python3
import picamera
camera = picamera.PiCamera()
# auto white balance
# off,auto,sun,cloud,shade,tungsten,fluorescent,incandescent,flash,horizon
#camera.awb_mode = 'auto'
camera.start_preview()
#for i in range(100):
# camera.brightness = i
# sleep(0.2)
#camera.capture('image.jpg')
camera.start_recording('video.h264')
camera.wait_recording(3)
camera.stop_recording()
camera.stop_preview()
3. 播放
(1). 下載 video.h264 在 Mac 上, 利用 VLC 播放
(2). 先將 h264 轉乘 mp4 再播放
$ sudo apt-get install gpac
$ MP4Box -add video.h264 video.mp4
$ omxplayer ./video.mp4 (亦可下載到 Mac 上播放) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. 開機自動執行 RPiCamera 程式
a. 開機後自動登入
$ sudo nano /etc/inittab
....
#1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty --noclear 38400 tty1
1:2345:respawn:/bin/login -f pi tty1 </dev/tty1 >/dev/tty1 2>&1
b. 登入後自動執行 RPiCamera 程式
$ sudo nano ~/.bashrc
....
# auto run RPiCamera after start up 10 second, but not SSH sign in
sleep 10
echo "tty = $(tty)"
if [ $(tty) == "/dev/tty1" ]; then
echo "We have a match."
cd ~/RPiCamera
./bin/RPiCamera
else
echo "We dont match."
fi
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3. 排程: 每天下午5點整關機
$ sudo crontab -e
# shutdown at 17:00 everyday
00 17 * * * /sbin/shutdown -h now
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4. 當要使用一般的 USB Webcam 時, 記得要再執行: $sudo raspi-config ,
將 Pi 的相機模組功能停用.
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